Development of a potential vortex-hazard index to predict cruise-level wake turbulence encounters

Dynamic Load Alleviation in Wake Vortex Encounters

Trailing Vortex Wake Encounters at Altitude - A Potential Flight Safety Issue?

The potential hazard of one aircraft encountering the trailing vortex wake of another aircraft during either take-off or landing is well known. The wake vortex hazard in the terminal area has been virtually eliminated using the operational procedures and aircraft separation criteria mandated by the air traffic authorities. This paper presents arguments that wake encounters at cruise altitude ar...

An Integrated Loads Analysis Model for Wake Vortex Encounters

When a plane crosses the wake generated by a preceding aircraft, large dynamical loads in the order of the design loads may be induced. Loads analysis models for such wake vortex encounters need to consider aspects important for manoeuvre, as well as gust type responses. If the angle between the path and the trailing vortices is small, the encounter is manoeuvre like due to large induced roll m...

The Trailing Vortex Wake Hazard: Beyond the Takeoff and Landing Corridors

This paper focuses on issues related to the trailing vortex wake hazard beyond the takeoff and landing corridors. The operational procedures adopted by the FAA in the 1970s for avoiding wake turbulence encounters in the take-off and landing corridors have been very successful in providing commercial aviation with a high degree of safety. However, there is a growing body of evidence that encount...

Behaviors of Vortex Wake in Random Atmospheric Turbulence

Atmospheric turbulence has significant influences on both the trajectories and strengths of wake vortices. In this paper, a quasi-wavelet method is used to generate a random atmospheric turbulence field based on the von Kármán spectrum, in which atmospheric turbulence is represented by groups of random eddies. An inviscid wake vortex system, out-of-ground effect or in-ground effect, is immersed...